Mass Balances of the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets Monitored from Space

Abstract Satellite data have revealed that the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets are changing rapidly due to warming air ocean temperatures. Crucially, Earth Observations can now be used measure ice sheet mass balance at continental scale, which help reduce uncertainties in sheets’ past, present, future contributions global mean sea level. The launch of satellite missions dedicated polar regions led great progress towards a better assessment state sheets, which, combination with models, furthered our understanding physical processes leading changes sheets' properties. There is three-decade-long record Antarctica changes, new planned both continue this further develop observational capabilities, critical as sheets remain most uncertain component sea-level rise. In paper, we review mechanisms describe art techniques monitor Greenland’s Antarctica’s balance, providing an overview knowledge these vast remote regions.